Domestic Abuse and Your Health
What domestic abuse means
Domestic abuse refers to a pattern of behaviour used to control, harm, or frighten someone within a close or family relationship. It can include physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, financial, or social abuse. Abuse does not always involve visible injuries. Many people experience ongoing fear, restriction, or manipulation that affects their health even when no physical harm is obvious.
How abuse affects health
Living with abuse places sustained stress on the body and mind. People may experience anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, chronic pain, headaches, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and worsening of existing medical conditions. Repeated stress can affect concentration, memory, immune function, and overall wellbeing. These health effects are real and common responses to unsafe environments.
Why people may not disclose abuse
There are many reasons people do not talk about abuse. Fear, shame, financial dependence, concern for children, cultural pressures, and previous negative experiences can all play a role. Some people do not recognise their experience as abuse. Others worry they will not be believed. A lack of disclosure does not mean abuse is not happening.
When to seek help
If you feel unsafe, frightened, controlled, or harmed in a relationship, support is available. Seek urgent help if you are in immediate danger. Ongoing symptoms such as unexplained injuries, frequent presentations with stress-related concerns, or changes in behaviour may also signal the need for support, even if abuse is not discussed directly.
How your GP can help
GPs are trained to respond sensitively and confidentially. You can speak to your GP about health concerns without having to label your experience or disclose details before you are ready. Your GP can help assess health impacts, support safety planning, document injuries if needed, and connect you with appropriate local services. Conversations are guided by your pace and priorities.
Support and reassurance
Abuse is never your fault. Support focuses on safety, dignity, and choice. Many people find that addressing health concerns with a trusted GP becomes a first step toward broader support. You deserve care that recognises both your physical and emotional wellbeing.
If you or someone you know is in immediate danger, contact emergency services. Confidential helplines and local support services are available to provide guidance and assistance.
This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.