Psoriasis

Understanding psoriasis and why it matters

Psoriasis is a long-term inflammatory skin condition driven by immune system activity that causes skin cells to multiply faster than usual. This leads to thickened, raised, scaly patches of skin that can itch, crack, feel sore, and affect confidence and daily comfort. Psoriasis behaves in flares and quieter phases, and its impact is physical, emotional, and social, so supportive care matters.

What psoriasis usually looks and feels like

Psoriasis commonly causes well-defined, raised, red or pink plaques with silvery-white scale on the scalp, elbows, knees, lower back, and limbs. Skin may feel dry, itchy, tight, sore, or cracked, and bleeding can occur when irritated. Fingernails or toenails may show pitting, thickening, or lifting. Some people also experience fatigue or burning sensations in affected areas.

A note about different skin tones

On darker skin tones, psoriasis may appear darker brown, purple, grey, or violaceous rather than bright red. Any persistent or unusual skin change deserves review.

Different forms of psoriasis

Psoriasis presents in different forms, including chronic plaque psoriasis (most common), scalp psoriasis, inverse or flexural psoriasis in skin folds, nail psoriasis, and guttate psoriasis (often following infection). Rarely, more severe or widespread forms occur and need specialist care.

When infection or worsening needs review

Because inflamed or cracked skin is more vulnerable, infection can develop. Seek medical advice if skin becomes increasingly painful, hot, rapidly worsening, weepy, crusted, smelly, or if fever develops.

When joints or general health may be involved

Some people develop psoriatic arthritis, which may cause joint pain, swelling, stiffness, or reduced mobility. Psoriasis is also linked with broader health considerations, including metabolic and cardiovascular health, as well as mental wellbeing. This does not mean everyone develops complications — it simply highlights the importance of holistic care.

What can trigger flare-ups

Flares may be triggered by stress, illness, infection, skin injury, smoking, alcohol, certain medications, inconsistent treatment, or sometimes no clear reason at all.

When to see your GP

See your GP if you have persistent rash, scaly plaques, skin cracking, nail changes, or joint pain. Seek earlier care if symptoms are severe, widespread, infected, or affecting sleep, mobility, or daily life. Do not delay review if you are immunocompromised or pregnant.

How your GP supports care (Australian pathway)

Your GP will assess severity, patterns, triggers, overall health, nail and joint involvement, mental wellbeing, and day-to-day impact. Care is individualised, focusing on reducing inflammation, protecting skin, managing triggers, supporting mental health, and reviewing whole-person health. Dermatology referral may be recommended for severe, complex, unclear, or treatment-resistant psoriasis, or when systemic or advanced therapies may be appropriate.

Realistic expectations about treatment

Psoriasis is a manageable condition. Most treatment focuses on control, comfort, and reducing flare-ups rather than a “cure.” With the right plan, many people achieve excellent symptom control and strong quality of life.

Mental wellbeing matters too

Psoriasis can affect confidence, social life, sleep, intimacy, schooling, and mood. Emotional strain is valid and support exists. Your GP can help you access appropriate help if needed.

A reassuring message

Psoriasis is common and treatable. With thoughtful assessment and ongoing support, many people experience meaningful relief, improved comfort, and restored confidence. You do not need to manage it alone.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.