Chronic Sinusitis

Understanding chronic sinusitis and why it matters

Chronic sinusitis refers to ongoing inflammation of the sinus lining lasting 12 weeks or longer, despite usual treatment. The sinuses are air-filled spaces in the face that normally drain freely. When they remain inflamed, swelling and mucus buildup cause persistent symptoms that affect comfort, sleep, concentration, and day-to-day wellbeing.

What chronic sinusitis commonly feels like

You may experience facial pressure or pain, a blocked or congested nose, thick nasal discharge, reduced or altered sense of smell, and post-nasal drip. Many people also notice fatigue, bad breath, headache, ear pressure, or disrupted sleep. Symptoms tend to persist rather than behaving like a short cold.

Chronic sinusitis vs recurrent acute sinusitis

It helps to distinguish these two patterns. Chronic sinusitis involves continuous symptoms for at least 12 weeks. Recurrent acute sinusitis involves repeated episodes of sinus infection or inflammation with symptom-free periods in between. The pathways and treatment plans can differ, which is why medical assessment matters.

Why chronic sinusitis develops

Chronic sinusitis usually results from several contributing factors together, rather than a single cause. These may include ongoing inflammation, allergies, structural narrowing of sinus drainage pathways, nasal polyps, repeated infections, exposure to irritants, or immune-related conditions. Sometimes no single clear trigger is found — and that is still clinically valid.

Supportive care that may help

Simple supportive measures can be helpful in many cases. Nasal saline rinses or washes may support sinus drainage and comfort when used appropriately. Managing allergies, where relevant, can also help reduce ongoing inflammation. Your GP will guide you on safe and appropriate use for your situation.

When symptoms suggest infection or need urgent review

Seek urgent medical review if you develop high fever, severe swelling around the eyes, worsening eye pain, changes in vision, severe headache, confusion, or sudden severe facial pain. These are uncommon but important to recognise promptly.

When to see your GP

See your GP if sinus symptoms persist for weeks, keep returning, affect sleep or daily functioning, or are not improving with sensible measures. Earlier review is especially important in children, older adults, people who are immunocompromised, and those with asthma or other respiratory conditions.

How your GP supports assessment and care

Your GP considers symptom patterns, allergy background, exposures, medical history, and previous treatments. Examination helps distinguish chronic sinusitis from conditions such as migraine, dental problems, or allergy-related rhinitis. Treatment is individualised, and may include nasal therapies, supportive care, allergy management, and medication where appropriate. Imaging or referral to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist may be recommended for persistent, severe, or unclear cases.

A reassuring message

Chronic sinusitis is common and treatable. With thoughtful assessment and the right management plan, many people experience meaningful relief, better breathing, improved sleep, and a stronger quality of life. You do not need to manage persistent symptoms alone — support is available.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.