Travel smart to the Czech Republic with health and immunisation in mind

Why health planning matters for travel

Travelling to the Czech Republic is popular for holidays, work, study, and visiting family. The country has modern infrastructure and healthcare comparable to much of Europe. Most travel-related health issues are not exotic or severe, but instead relate to common infections, gaps in routine immunisation, outdoor exposure, or changes in daily routines. Planning ahead supports a smoother, more confident trip.

Common illnesses travellers may encounter

Respiratory infections such as colds, influenza, and COVID-19 circulate year-round, particularly during colder months and in busy indoor environments like public transport and tourist attractions. Gastrointestinal illnesses also occur and are usually linked to hand hygiene, food handling, or travel fatigue rather than unsafe water systems. Most conditions are mild, but prevention helps avoid unnecessary disruption.

Routine immunisations to review

Before travel, it is important to confirm that routine vaccinations are current. This usually includes protection against measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella, seasonal influenza, and COVID-19. Measles outbreaks continue to occur across Europe, and adults may be under-protected without realising it, making routine review worthwhile.

Travel-specific vaccination considerations

Depending on your itinerary and activities, additional vaccines may be discussed with your GP or travel doctor.

Hepatitis A vaccination is strongly recommended for most travellers. Infection occurs through contaminated food or water, and recent outbreaks have been reported in the Czech Republic, including in major cities. Even short stays can carry risk without immunity.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination may be appropriate if you plan outdoor activities such as hiking, cycling, or camping in rural or forested areas. The Czech Republic reports one of the higher TBE rates in Europe, particularly from spring through late summer when ticks are most active.

Hepatitis B vaccination may be considered for longer stays or situations involving potential exposure to blood or body fluids, including medical care, tattoos, or new sexual partners.

Rabies vaccination is not routinely required for short-term urban travel but may be discussed for extended stays, occupational exposure, or activities involving wildlife or rural environments.

Food, water, and hygiene considerations

Tap water in the Czech Republic is generally safe to drink. Maintaining good hand hygiene, choosing freshly prepared food, and avoiding unpasteurised dairy products help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal illness. As with all travel, pacing meals and staying hydrated support digestive comfort.

Outdoor exposure and seasonal factors

Outdoor travel is common, particularly in warmer months. In grassy or forested areas, wearing long clothing, using insect repellent, and checking skin after outdoor activity can reduce tick exposure. Seasonal temperature changes and winter air pollution may worsen respiratory symptoms in people with asthma or chronic lung or heart disease.

Managing existing health conditions

If you live with a chronic medical condition, bring enough medication for the entire trip in original packaging, along with copies of prescriptions. Changes in routine, increased walking, or climate differences can affect symptom control, making preparation important.

Travel insurance and healthcare access

Healthcare facilities in major cities such as Prague are of a high standard. However, visitors may be required to pay upfront or provide proof of insurance. Comprehensive travel insurance covering medical care and emergency evacuation is strongly recommended.

When to speak with your GP

A pre-travel consultation around four to six weeks before departure allows time to review immunisation status, assess individual risks, and plan preventive strategies tailored to your itinerary and health history.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.