Travel smart to Denmark with health and immunisation in mind

Why health planning matters for travel

Travelling to Denmark can be an enjoyable experience for holidays, work, study, or visiting family. Denmark is considered a low-risk destination for infectious disease, with strong public health systems and high living standards. Even so, thoughtful health planning helps reduce avoidable illness, unexpected costs, and disruption to travel plans. Most health issues encountered by travellers relate to common infections, routine immunisation gaps, outdoor exposure, or changes in daily routines rather than rare diseases.

Common illnesses travellers may encounter

As in other Northern European countries, common respiratory and gastrointestinal infections circulate year-round. Colds, influenza, COVID-19, and viral gastroenteritis account for most travel-related illness. Exposure risk increases in airports, public transport, accommodation, workplaces, festivals, and busy urban settings. Most infections are mild, but simple preventive steps remain worthwhile.

Immunisation and routine protection

Before travelling, it is important to ensure your routine vaccinations are up to date. This usually includes protection against measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella, seasonal influenza, and COVID-19. Measles outbreaks continue to occur intermittently across Europe, and some adults may be under-protected without realising it. Reviewing your immunisation history with your GP supports both individual protection and broader community health.

Activity-specific vaccination considerations

Depending on your itinerary and planned activities, additional vaccines may be discussed.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination may be recommended if you plan extended outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, or working in forested areas. Risk is higher from spring to autumn, particularly on the island of Bornholm and in some forested regions north of Copenhagen.

Rabies vaccination is not routinely required for most travellers, but may be considered for long-term stays, occupational exposure, or activities involving potential contact with wild animals, particularly bats.

Hepatitis A or B vaccination may be discussed for selected travellers depending on length of stay, accommodation type, occupational exposure, or individual risk factors.

Food, water, and everyday hygiene

Denmark has some of the cleanest drinking water in the world, and tap water is safe to drink nationwide. Food safety standards are high. Even so, regular hand hygiene, sensible food choices, and attention to hydration help reduce the risk of minor gastrointestinal illness, particularly during busy travel days or festivals.

Outdoor exposure and environmental health

Denmark’s cycling culture and outdoor lifestyle are part of its appeal. Longer walking or cycling days, variable weather, and cooler temperatures may affect fatigue, joint comfort, and energy levels. In areas where ticks are present, wearing long clothing, using insect repellent, and checking skin after outdoor activity help reduce infection risk.

Managing existing health conditions

If you live with a chronic medical condition, advance preparation is important. Carry sufficient medication in original packaging, copies of prescriptions, and a brief medical summary if relevant. Changes in routine, physical activity, and climate can affect sleep, pain levels, blood glucose control, and fatigue. Planning ahead supports continuity of care while overseas.

Travel insurance and healthcare access

Denmark has high-quality medical facilities, and English is widely spoken in healthcare settings. However, there is no reciprocal healthcare agreement with Australia, and medical care for visitors can be expensive. Comprehensive travel insurance covering medical treatment and evacuation is essential.

When to speak with your GP before travel

A GP appointment four to six weeks before departure allows advice to be tailored to your health history, immunisation status, and itinerary. This consultation focuses on preparation, prevention, and practical planning rather than restriction.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.