What you need to know about sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Why STI awareness matters for your health
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections passed through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Anyone who is sexually active can experience an STI, regardless of age, relationship status, or background. Many STIs are treatable and manageable, especially when found early. Understanding your risk, getting tested when appropriate, and talking openly with your GP helps protect both your health and the health of your partners.

What STIs really involve in everyday life
STIs include conditions such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and HIV. Some infections cause symptoms, while others stay silent for a long time. This means you may feel completely well and still need testing, especially if you have a new partner, multiple partners, unprotected sex, or a partner whose health history is unknown. Routine STI care is simply part of sensible health maintenance, not a sign of judgment about your choices or character.

Common symptoms to be aware of
Some people notice unusual discharge, burning when passing urine, genital itching, sores, lumps, pelvic pain, bleeding between periods, or pain during sex. Others experience rashes, swollen glands, flu-like symptoms, or no symptoms at all. Symptoms alone do not tell the full story. If something feels different, or if you simply feel unsure, testing provides clarity and reassurance. Early assessment reduces complications and makes treatment easier.

How your GP supports you with confidentiality and care
Your GP provides confidential, respectful, non-judgmental care. Testing may involve a urine test, swab, or blood test depending on the infection. Your GP explains what is being checked, why it matters, and how results are managed. If treatment is needed, your GP guides you through medicines, follow-up testing, and partner notification in a safe, supportive way. You deserve privacy, dignity, and kindness throughout this process.

Why protection and prevention make a difference
Using condoms and dental dams reduces risk. Regular testing, especially when changing partners or starting a new relationship, helps you stay informed. HPV vaccination protects against certain strains linked to genital warts and some cancers. Limiting alcohol and other substances during sexual activity also supports safer decisions.

Why talking with your GP builds confidence and safety
STIs do not define you and they do not need to feel shameful. They are a health condition like any other, and they deserve calm, practical care. If you worry about symptoms, feel unsure about your risk, or simply want a routine check, talking with your GP helps you feel supported, informed, and in control of your health.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.