Persistent Sore Throat — Know When to See Your GP
What a persistent sore throat means
A sore throat is common, often linked to viral infections that settle on their own. A persistent sore throat refers to symptoms that last longer than expected, keep returning, or do not improve with simple self-care. This may involve pain, dryness, irritation, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or a feeling of something “stuck” in the throat.
Common causes
Ongoing throat symptoms may relate to viral or bacterial infection, ongoing post-nasal drip, reflux disease, allergies, smoking or vaping, environmental irritants, voice overuse, dehydration, or mouth breathing. Sometimes medication effects or chronic nasal and sinus conditions contribute. Not all sore throats need antibiotics — many are not caused by bacteria.
When symptoms may signal something more serious
A persistent sore throat can occasionally indicate tonsil disease, abscess, thyroid problems, chronic infection, autoimmune conditions, or, more rarely, head and neck cancer. This possibility is uncommon but important, especially with risk factors such as smoking, heavy alcohol use, or persistent hoarseness.
When to see your GP
Seek review if your sore throat lasts more than 2–3 weeks, keeps returning, or is associated with fever, significant neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, persistent hoarseness, unexplained weight loss, night sweats, blood in saliva, or one-sided pain or earache. Severe difficulty breathing or swallowing requires urgent medical care.
What your GP may do
Your GP will take a detailed history, examine the throat, nose, neck, and ears, and consider possible contributing factors. Depending on findings, tests, swabs, imaging, or referral to an ENT specialist may be needed. Treatment depends on the cause and may include symptom relief, managing reflux or sinus disease, addressing allergies, or treating infection where appropriate.
Reassurance and care
Most persistent sore throats are manageable once the cause is identified. Early review supports clarity, reassurance, and safe treatment planning.
This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.