Ingrowing Toenails
What an ingrowing toenail is
An ingrowing toenail happens when the edge or corner of the nail grows into the surrounding skin, most commonly affecting the big toe. This can cause pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness. Sometimes infection develops, leading to pus, increased swelling, or difficulty walking. It is a common problem and help is available.
Why ingrowing toenails develop
Several factors can contribute. These include tight footwear, improper nail trimming (such as cutting nails too short or rounded), injury to the toe, sweating or moisture around the feet, or pressure from physical activity. Some people naturally have curved or thickened nails, which increases the chance of the nail digging into the skin. Underlying health conditions such as diabetes or circulation problems may increase risks and require extra care.
Symptoms to watch for
Early symptoms often include soreness, redness, swelling, and discomfort around the side of the nail. As it worsens, pain may increase, walking may become uncomfortable, and signs of infection such as yellow discharge, warmth, or spreading redness may develop. Early attention helps prevent complications.
How ingrowing toenails are treated
Treatment depends on severity. Mild cases may respond to warm salt water soaks, gentle cleaning, wearing open or comfortable shoes, and avoiding pressure. Your GP may trim the nail safely, lift the edge, or apply dressings. If infection develops, antibiotics may be needed. In more persistent or severe cases, a small procedure to remove part of the nail or nail edge may be recommended to prevent repeated problems.
Why seeing your GP matters
It can be tempting to “dig out” the nail yourself, but this may worsen infection or damage the nail bed. Your GP ensures safe treatment, reduces complications, and helps manage infection appropriately. People with diabetes, immune problems, poor circulation, or nerve damage in their feet should never ignore an ingrowing toenail and should seek early assessment.
Preventing future toenail problems
Prevention focuses on proper nail care and footwear. Trim nails straight across rather than curved, avoid cutting nails too short, wear shoes with enough room in the toe box, and keep feet clean and dry. If your nails are naturally thick, curved, or difficult to manage, your GP may discuss podiatry support.
If you are worried about pain, infection, or recurring ingrowing toenails, your GP can help assess, treat, and guide you safely.
This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.