Female pattern hair loss explained and when to seek medical advice

What female pattern hair loss means

Female pattern hair loss (FPHL), also called androgenetic alopecia, is the most common cause of gradual hair thinning in women. It is a non-scarring, progressive condition where hair density reduces mainly across the crown and top of the scalp. Many women notice a widening part line or a triangular “Christmas tree” pattern when viewed from the front, while the frontal hairline is usually preserved. FPHL rarely leads to complete baldness, but it can significantly affect appearance and confidence.

How it typically presents

FPHL often develops slowly over years. Early signs include a wider centre part and reduced volume at the top of the head. Some women notice increased daily shedding or that their ponytail feels thinner than before. Diffuse thinning across the crown is common, while the sides and back of the scalp are usually less affected. Because changes are gradual, the condition is sometimes recognised later than other forms of hair loss.

Why female pattern hair loss occurs

Genetics play a central role in FPHL and the condition may be inherited from either parent. Hormonal factors also influence hair follicles. After menopause, reduced oestrogen and progesterone can make hair follicles more sensitive to androgens, leading to gradual miniaturisation of hairs. FPHL can begin earlier in life, particularly in women with conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome. Other health issues, including thyroid disease, iron deficiency, significant stress, or certain medications, may worsen thinning or coexist with FPHL.

How severity is described

Clinicians often describe female pattern hair loss using structured scales, such as the Ludwig scale. This ranges from mild thinning with preserved overall coverage, through moderate loss with obvious reduction in volume, to more advanced thinning across the crown. These stages help guide monitoring and discussions about support options rather than predict individual outcomes.

Assessment in general practice

A GP assessment focuses on understanding the pattern, duration, and rate of hair loss. Your GP examines the scalp and hair distribution and asks about menstrual history, menopause, medical conditions, medications, and family history. Blood tests may be considered to check for contributing factors such as iron deficiency or thyroid imbalance. This stepwise approach helps confirm FPHL and rule out other causes of hair loss that require different management.

How female pattern hair loss is supported

There is no permanent cure for FPHL, but early support may slow progression and improve hair density for some women. Topical treatments such as minoxidil are commonly discussed. In selected situations, medications that influence hormone effects may be considered under medical supervision. Some women explore in-clinic options or cosmetic strategies to improve appearance and confidence. Decisions are individual and based on health, preferences, and expectations rather than a single pathway.

When to seek medical advice

It is reasonable to speak with your GP if you notice gradual thinning, a widening part, or sudden changes in hair shedding. Early review is particularly helpful if hair loss is rapid, starts at a young age, or occurs alongside other symptoms such as menstrual changes, acne, or fatigue. Reliable patient information is also available through Healthdirect Australia, which complements advice from your GP.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.