Abdominal Pain in Children — When to Worry

Why abdominal pain is common in children

Abdominal pain is one of the most frequent reasons children present to primary care. In many cases, it reflects a short-lived and non-serious issue such as a viral illness, constipation, or temporary digestive upset. Children’s digestive systems are sensitive, and pain can arise even when no lasting problem is present.

How children experience and describe pain

Children often struggle to describe pain clearly. Younger children may point broadly to their abdomen or describe discomfort as “sore,” “tight,” or “funny.” Stress, tiredness, or worry can also amplify physical symptoms. This makes context — behaviour, appetite, activity, and overall wellbeing — just as important as the location of pain.

Common causes to be aware of

Most childhood abdominal pain is functional or benign. Common contributors include constipation, gastroenteritis, food intolerance, excess gas, urinary tract infections, and minor viral illnesses. Recurrent pain may relate to bowel habit changes or stress, especially around school or routine changes. Less commonly, pain can signal conditions that need closer assessment.

Why timing and pattern matter

The pattern of pain often provides useful clues. Short episodes that settle on their own are usually reassuring. Pain that is persistent, worsening, or waking a child from sleep deserves attention. Associated symptoms such as vomiting, fever, diarrhoea, poor intake, or weight loss also help guide assessment.

When abdominal pain needs prompt review

Medical review is important if abdominal pain is severe, localised, persistent, or associated with concerning features. These include ongoing vomiting, blood in stool or urine, a swollen or very tender abdomen, fever with lethargy, difficulty walking, or a child who looks significantly unwell. In infants and very young children, earlier assessment is often appropriate because symptoms can evolve quickly.

How a GP approaches assessment

Your GP considers your child’s age, pain pattern, medical history, growth, and examination findings. In many cases, careful history and examination are enough to guide management. Sometimes observation over time provides clarity, while in other situations tests or referral are needed to rule out specific causes.

Reassurance for families

Most abdominal pain in children resolves without long-term consequences. Understanding what to watch for and when to seek review helps families respond calmly rather than with unnecessary worry. A trusted GP relationship supports continuity, reassurance, and timely care when needed.

Abdominal pain is common, but context matters. Paying attention to the whole child — not just the pain — supports safer decisions.

This article provides general health information only and does not replace medical advice. Please speak with your GP for personalised care.